5-MTHF Background

5-Methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) is the active form of folic acid and the primary circulating form of folate in the body[5].

It was discovered as a crucial component in folate metabolism, playing a key role in various biological processes[1].

5-MTHF has gained significant attention in recent years as a more bioavailable and potentially more effective alternative to synthetic folic acid supplementation[5].

Unlike folic acid, 5-MTHF does not require conversion by the enzyme methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), making it particularly beneficial for individuals with MTHFR gene mutations[3].

5-MTHF Systemic Applications

5-MTHF demonstrates remarkable versatility in systemic applications, ranging from cardiovascular health to metabolic function[2].

It plays a crucial role in homocysteine metabolism, with studies showing its effectiveness in reducing plasma homocysteine concentrations and improving endothelial function in patients undergoing hemodialysis[2].

5-MTHF has also shown potential in ameliorating various conditions, including depression, MTHFR mutations, and certain cardiovascular disorders[2].

Research indicates that 5-MTHF supplementation may be particularly beneficial for individuals with genetic variations affecting folate metabolism[5].

5-MTHF for Brain and Cognition

5-MTHF is the only form of folate that can freely cross the blood-brain barrier, making it crucial for brain development and maintaining cognitive functions[3].

Studies have demonstrated that 5-MTHF supplementation can increase folate levels in the brain, particularly in cases of severe MTHFR deficiency where other forms of folate were ineffective[3].

5-MTHF plays a vital role in methylation processes in the brain, which are essential for nerve recovery after infections or toxicity, proper neural pruning, and overall brain development[3].

Research suggests that 5-MTHF supplementation may have potential benefits in treating various neurological conditions, including depression and cognitive impairment[2].

5-MTHF for Eye and Vision

5-MTHF has shown potential benefits for eye health, particularly in the context of diabetic retinopathy and other retinal vascular diseases[4].

Studies have indicated that folate supplementation, including 5-MTHF, might be a protective treatment for patients with retinal vascular diseases associated with high homocysteine or glucose levels[4].

Research has shown that 5-MTHF, as part of a combination supplement (Metanx), may help reduce retinal edema and increase light sensitivity in patients with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy[4].

Animal experiments have demonstrated that 5-MTHF supplementation can inhibit measures of oxidative stress and inflammation, potentially assisting in mitigating diabetes-induced defects in visual function[4].

Relevant quotes:

"5-MTHF is the active form of folic acid and is the only form that crosses the blood-brain barrier." - University of Maryland, Baltimore[2]

"An additional benefit is that 5-MTHF does not need any conversion, and thus it is ready to be used to help brain development and maintain brain functions." - MTHFR Support Australia[3]

Relevant NCBI article quotes:

"These data suggest that [6S]-5-MTHF increases plasma folate more effectively than FA irrespective of the 677C→T mutation of the MTHFR." - From "[6S]-5-methyltetrahydrofolate increases plasma folate more effectively than folic acid in women with the homozygous or wild-type 677C→T polymorphism of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase" (https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2807663/)

"5-Methyltetrahydrofolate [methylfolate, 5-MTHF, or (6S)-5-MTHF], has been evaluated as a better alternative to folic-acid supplementation." - From "Active Folate Versus Folic Acid: The Role of 5-MTHF (Methylfolate) in Human Health" (https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9380836/)

Functions supported or stimulated:

1. Homocysteine metabolism[2]

2. Methylation processes in the brain[3]

3. Endothelial function improvement[2]

4. Neurotransmitter synthesis regulation[7]

5. Energy production support[7]

Related benefits:

1. Improved cognitive function and memory[3]

2. Enhanced eye health, particularly for diabetic retinopathy[4]

3. Potential treatment for depression and MTHFR mutations[2]

4. Cardiovascular health improvement[2]

5. Support for immune health[7]

Source Information:

5-MTHF is not derived from a specific plant source but is a metabolite of folic acid found in various foods and synthesized in the body.

Citations:

[1] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK6561/

[2] https://archive.hshsl.umaryland.edu/bitstream/handle/10713/14874/5-MTHF_Final_2020_12.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

[3] https://mthfrsupport.com.au/2017/04/folate-and-brain/

[4] https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10571445/

[5] https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9380836/

[6] https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2807663/

[7] https://vimergy.com/products/5-mthf-capsules

[8] https://www.lifeextension.com/protocols/eye-ear/eye-health

[9] https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/18/3154

[10] https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8961567/